Gcg
entrez
14526
canonical
uniprot
P55095
canonical
ensembl
ENSMUSG00000000394
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000099794
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000102733
resolver
genesymbol
Gcg
resolver
uniprot
Q3UFE9
resolver
uniprot_entry
GLUC_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q3UFE9
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MKTIYFVAGLLIMLVQGSWQHALQDTEENPRSFPASQTEAHEDPDEMNEDKRHSQGTFTSDYSKYLDSRRAQDFVQWLMNTKRNRNNIAKRHDEFERHAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEFIAWLVKGRGRRDFPEEVAIAEELGRRHADGSFSDEMSTILDNLATRDFINWLIQTKITDKK
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: [Glucagon]: Plays a key role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis. Regulates blood glucose by increasing gluconeogenesis and decreasing glycolysis. A counterregulatory hormone of insulin, raises plasma glucose levels in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Plays an important role in initiating and maintaining hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes. Binds to and activates the glucagon receptor GCGR, which couples to the G(s) G protein and elevates intracellular cAMP, triggering downstream metabolic responses. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:10605628, ECO:0000305|PubMed:12626323}.; FUNCTION: [Glucagon-like peptide 1]: Potent stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin release (PubMed:22037645). Also stimulates insulin release in response to IL6 (PubMed:22037645). Plays important roles on gastric motility and the suppression of plasma glucagon levels. May be involved in the suppression of satiety and stimulation of glucose disposal in peripheral tissues, independent of the actions of insulin. Has growth-promoting activities on intestinal epithelium. May also regulate the hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) via effects on LH, TSH, CRH, oxytocin, and vasopressin secretion. Increases islet mass through stimulation of islet neogenesis and pancreatic beta cell proliferation. Inhibits beta cell apoptosis (Probable). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22037645, ECO:0000303|PubMed:10605628, ECO:0000303|PubMed:12554744, ECO:0000303|PubMed:14719035}.; FUNCTION: [Glucagon-like peptide 2]: Stimulates intestinal growth and up-regulates villus height in the small intestine, concomitant with increased crypt cell proliferation and decreased enterocyte apoptosis. The gastrointestinal tract, from the stomach to the colon is the principal target for GLP-2 action. Plays a key role in nutrient homeostasis, enhancing nutrient assimilation through enhanced gastrointestinal function, as well as increasing nutrient disposal. Stimulates intestinal glucose transport and decreases mucosal permeability. {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10605628, ECO:0000303|PubMed:12554744, ECO:0000303|PubMed:14719035, ECO:0000305|PubMed:10322410}.; FUNCTION: [Oxyntomodulin]: Significantly reduces food intake. Inhibits gastric emptying in humans. Suppression of gastric emptying may lead to increased gastric distension, which may contribute to satiety by causing a sensation of fullness. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:10605628, ECO:0000305|PubMed:12554744}.; FUNCTION: [Glicentin]: May modulate gastric acid secretion and the gastro-pyloro-duodenal activity. May play an important role in intestinal mucosal growth in the early period of life. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:10605628, ECO:0000305|PubMed:12554744}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
20906
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Proglucagon is post-translationally processed in a tissue-specific manner in pancreatic A cells and intestinal L cells. In pancreatic A cells, the major bioactive hormone is glucagon cleaved by PCSK2/PC2. In the intestinal L cells PCSK1/PC1 liberates GLP-1, GLP-2, glicentin and oxyntomodulin. GLP-1 is further N-terminally truncated by post-translational processing in the intestinal L cells resulting in GLP-1(7-37) GLP-1-(7-36)amide. The C-terminal amidation is neither important for the metabolism of GLP-1 nor for its effects on the endocrine pancreas (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Glucagon family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10322410
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10605628
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11356850
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12554744
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12626323
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
14719035
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16141072
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
1886889
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21183079
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22037645
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
7730317
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
9407057
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
180
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22037645}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Glucagon-like peptide 1]: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22037645}.
uniprot
proteins