OXT
entrez
5020
canonical
uniprot
P01178
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000101405
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000217386
resolver
enst
ENST00000217386
resolver
genesymbol
OXT
resolver
genesymbol_syn
OT
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:8528
resolver
uniprot
Q3MIG0
resolver
uniprot
X5D7M6
resolver
uniprot_entry
NEU1_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_entry
X5D7M6_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q3MIG0
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MAGPSLACCLLGLLALTSACYIQNCPLGGKRAAPDLDVRKCLPCGPGGKGRCFGPNICCAEELGCFVGTAEALRCQEENYLPSPCQSGQKACGSGGRCAVLGLCCSPDGCHADPACDAEATFSQR
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Precursor of oxytocin, a neurohypophyseal hormone that plays a key role in social interactions and neurophysin 1, its carrier protein. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:3768139}.; FUNCTION: [Oxytocin]: Neuropeptide hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland that plays a key role in social behavior and other biological processes, such as milk ejection (PubMed:15931222, PubMed:20538951, PubMed:21220339, PubMed:6278592). Released in response to a variety of social cues and acts by binding to oxytocin receptor (OXTR), triggering signaling that modulates neural circuits by altering ion channel activity, changing intrinsic neuronal properties and modifying synaptic transmission (both excitatory and inhibitory) (PubMed:18174156, PubMed:35241813, PubMed:35851571). Central release (direct secretion in the brain) plays essential roles in social behavior, such as maternal care, social cognition and affiliative behaviors (PubMed:15931222, PubMed:20538951, PubMed:21220339). Stressful and anxiogenic stimuli promote release of oxytocin, which acts as a powerful modulator of anxiety- and stress-related behaviors (PubMed:15931222, PubMed:20538951, PubMed:21220339). Oxytocin promotes altruism by enhancing empathy, trust and social bonding, making people more generous (PubMed:15931222, PubMed:20538951, PubMed:21220339). Can also favor parochial altruism, a social behavior involving costly helping of one's own group (in-group) that often comes with hostility or discrimination towards other groups (out-groups) (PubMed:20538951, PubMed:21220339). Modulates neural circuits related to reward, fear and social approach, encouraging care and cooperation, but can also increase guilt or aggression towards out-groups (PubMed:20538951, PubMed:21220339). Beyond its role in social behavior, plays a role in other processes, such as parturition, lactation or osteoblast differentiation, when released peripherally (secreted from the posterior pituitary gland into the bloodstream) (PubMed:6278592). Required for parturition and milk ejection by triggering and strengthening contraction of the smooth muscle of the uterus and mammary gland, respectively (PubMed:6278592). Promotes bone mass by stimulating bone formation by osteoblasts (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35454, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15931222, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18174156, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20538951, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21220339, ECO:0000269|PubMed:35241813, ECO:0000269|PubMed:35851571, ECO:0000269|PubMed:6278592}.; FUNCTION: [Neurophysin 1]: Carrier protein that binds to and transports oxytocin from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary gland, protecting it from degradation and facilitating its release. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01179}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
12722
uniprot
proteins
mutagenesis
MUTAGEN 28; /note="G->V: Gain of antagonist activity on V1aR/AVPR1A (and loss of agonist activity on this receptor). 310-fold decrease in affinity for oxytocin receptor (OXTR), 13-fold decrease in affinity for V1aR/AVPR1A, and complete loss of affinity for V1bR/AVPR1B and V2R/AVPR2."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18174156
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Synthesized as a large inactive precursor protein (pro-OXT), which is cleaved into oxytocin and neurophysin 1 by endopeptidases, such as neuroendocrine convertases PCSK1 and PCSK2 (By similarity). Oxytocin is then amidated at the C-terminus, completing its activation (PubMed:13591312). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35454, ECO:0000269|PubMed:13591312}.; PTM: [Oxytocin]: Amidated at the C-terminus by alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), completing its activation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:13591312}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Vasopressin/oxytocin family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11780052
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
13591312
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
1371278
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15931222
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
18174156
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
20538951
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2108152
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21220339
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2249637
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2991279
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
34459989
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
35241813
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
35851571
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
36864410
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
3768139
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
4065330
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
6278592
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
6574452
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
7262323
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
125
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01179}. Note=The precursor protein (pro-OXT) is packaged into neurosecretory granules. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01179}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Oxytocin]: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01179}. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01179}. Note=Following processing, oxytocin and neurophysin 1 are transported to the posterior pituitary and stored in neurosecretory granules at the nerve termini until secreted. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01179}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Neurophysin 1]: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01179}. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01179}. Note=Following processing, oxytocin and neurophysin 1 are transported to the posterior pituitary and stored in neurosecretory granules at the nerve termini until secreted. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01179}.
uniprot
proteins