TG
entrez
7038
canonical
uniprot
P01266
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000042832
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000220616
resolver
genesymbol
TG
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:11764
resolver
uniprot
O15274
resolver
uniprot
O43899
resolver
uniprot
Q15593
resolver
uniprot
Q15948
resolver
uniprot
Q9NYR1
resolver
uniprot
Q9NYR2
resolver
uniprot
Q9UMZ0
resolver
uniprot
Q9UNY3
resolver
uniprot_entry
THYG_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
O15274
resolver
uniprot_sec
O43899
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q15593
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q15948
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q9NYR1
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q9NYR2
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q9UMZ0
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q9UNY3
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MALVLEIFTLLASICWVSANIFEYQVDAQPLRPCELQRETAFLKQADYVPQCAEDGSFQTVQCQNDGRSCWCVGANGSEVLGSRQPGRPVACLSFCQLQKQQILLSGYINSTDTSYLPQCQDSGDYAPVQCDVQQVQCWCVDAEGMEVYGTRQLGRPKRCPRSCEIRNRRLLHGVGDKSPPQCSAEGEFMPVQCKFVNTTDMMIFDLVHSYNRFPDAFVTFSSFQRRFPEVSGYCHCADSQGRELAETGLELLLDEIYDTIFAGLDLPSTFTETTLYRILQRRFLAVQSVISGRFRCPTKCEVERFTATSFGHPYVPSCRRNGDYQAVQCQTEGPCWCVDAQGKEMHGTRQQGEPPSCAEGQSCASERQQALSRLYFGTSGYFSQHDLFSSPEKRWASPRVARFATSCPPTIKELFVDSGLLRPMVEGQSQQFSVSENLLKEAIRAIFPSRGLARLALQFTTNPKRLQQNLFGGKFLVNVGQFNLSGALGTRGTFNFSQFFQQLGLASFLNGGRQEDLAKPLSVGLDSNSSTGTPEAAKKDGTMNKPTVGSFGFEINLQENQNALKFLASLLELPEFLLFLQHAISVPEDVARDLGDVMETVLSSQTCEQTPERLFVPSCTTEGSYEDVQCFSGECWCVNSWGKELPGSRVRGGQPRCPTDCEKQRARMQSLMGSQPAGSTLFVPACTSEGHFLPVQCFNSECYCVDAEGQAIPGTRSAIGKPKKCPTPCQLQSEQAFLRTVQALLSNSSMLPTLSDTYIPQCSTDGQWRQVQCNGPPEQVFELYQRWEAQNKGQDLTPAKLLVKIMSYREAASGNFSLFIQSLYEAGQQDVFPVLSQYPSLQDVPLAALEGKRPQPRENILLEPYLFWQILNGQLSQYPGSYSDFSTPLAHFDLRNCWCVDEAGQELEGMRSEPSKLPTCPGSCEEAKLRVLQFIRETEEIVSASNSSRFPLGESFLVAKGIRLRNEDLGLPPLFPPREAFAEQFLRGSDYAIRLAAQSTLSFYQRRRFSPDDSAGASALLRSGPYMPQCDAFGSWEPVQCHAGTGHCWCVDEKGGFIPGSLTARSLQIPQCPTTCEKSRTSGLLSSWKQARSQENPSPKDLFVPACLETGEYARLQASGAGTWCVDPASGEELRPGSSSSAQCPSLCNVLKSGVLSRRVSPGYVPACRAEDGGFSPVQCDQAQGSCWCVMDSGEEVPGTRVTGGQPACESPRCPLPFNASEVVGGTILCETISGPTGSAMQQCQLLCRQGSWSVFPPGPLICSLESGRWESQLPQPRACQRPQLWQTIQTQGHFQLQLPPGKMCSADYADLLQTFQVFILDELTARGFCQIQVKTFGTLVSIPVCNNSSVQVGCLTRERLGVNVTWKSRLEDIPVASLPDLHDIERALVGKDLLGRFTDLIQSGSFQLHLDSKTFPAETIRFLQGDHFGTSPRTWFGCSEGFYQVLTSEASQDGLGCVKCPEGSYSQDEECIPCPVGFYQEQAGSLACVPCPVGRTTISAGAFSQTHCVTDCQRNEAGLQCDQNGQYRASQKDRGSGKAFCVDGEGRRLPWWETEAPLEDSQCLMMQKFEKVPESKVIFDANAPVAVRSKVPDSEFPVMQCLTDCTEDEACSFFTVSTTEPEISCDFYAWTSDNVACMTSDQKRDALGNSKATSFGSLRCQVKVRSHGQDSPAVYLKKGQGSTTTLQKRFEPTGFQNMLSGLYNPIVFSASGANLTDAHLFCLLACDRDLCCDGFVLTQVQGGAIICGLLSSPSVLLCNVKDWMDPSEAWANATCPGVTYDQESHQVILRLGDQEFIKSLTPLEGTQDTFTNFQQVYLWKDSDMGSRPESMGCRKDTVPRPASPTEAGLTTELFSPVDLNQVIVNGNQSLSSQKHWLFKHLFSAQQANLWCLSRCVQEHSFCQLAEITESASLYFTCTLYPEAQVCDDIMESNAQGCRLILPQMPKALFRKKVILEDKVKNFYTRLPFQKLMGISIRNKVPMSEKSISNGFFECERRCDADPCCTGFGFLNVSQLKGGEVTCLTLNSLGIQMCSEENGGAWRILDCGSPDIEVHTYPFGWYQKPIAQNNAPSFCPLVVLPSLTEKVSLDSWQSLALSSVVVDPSIRHFDVAHVSTAATSNFSAVRDLCLSECSQHEACLITTLQTQPGAVRCMFYADTQSCTHSLQGQNCRLLLREEATHIYRKPGISLLSYEASVPSVPISTHGRLLGRSQAIQVGTSWKQVDQFLGVPYAAPPLAERRFQAPEPLNWTGSWDASKPRASCWQPGTRTSTSPGVSEDCLYLNVFIPQNVAPNASVLVFFHNTMDREESEGWPAIDGSFLAAVGNLIVVTASYRVGVFGFLSSGSGEVSGNWGLLDQVAALTWVQTHIRGFGGDPRRVSLAADRGGADVASIHLLTARATNSQLFRRAVLMGGSALSPAAVISHERAQQQAIALAKEVSCPMSSSQEVVSCLRQKPANVLNDAQTKLLAVSGPFHYWGPVIDGHFLREPPARALKRSLWVEVDLLIGSSQDDGLINRAKAVKQFEESRGRTSSKTAFYQALQNSLGGEDSDARVEAAATWYYSLEHSTDDYASFSRALENATRDYFIICPIIDMASAWAKRARGNVFMYHAPENYGHGSLELLADVQFALGLPFYPAYEGQFSLEEKSLSLKIMQYFSHFIRSGNPNYPYEFSRKVPTFATPWPDFVPRAGGENYKEFSELLPNRQGLKKADCSFWSKYISSLKTSADGAKGGQSAESEEEELTAGSGLREDLLSLQEPGSKTYSK
uniprot
proteins
disease_involvement
DISEASE: Thyroid dyshormonogenesis 3 (TDH3) [MIM:274700]: A disorder due to thyroid dyshormonogenesis, causing large goiters of elastic and soft consistency in the majority of patients. Although the degree of thyroid dysfunction varies considerably among patients with defective thyroglobulin synthesis, patients usually have a relatively high serum free triiodothyronine (T3) concentration with disproportionately low free tetraiodothyronine (T4) level. The maintenance of relatively high free T3 levels prevents profound tissue hypothyroidism except in brain and pituitary, which are dependent on T4 supply, resulting in neurologic and intellectual defects in some cases. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10199792, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16477365, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17244789, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17532758, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19509106, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27305979}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Autoimmune thyroid disease 3 (AITD3) [MIM:608175]: A complex autoimmune disorder comprising two related diseases affecting the thyroid: Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis. In both disorders, thyroid-reactive T-cells are formed and infiltrate the thyroid gland. In Graves disease, the majority of the T-cells undergo a Th2 differentiation and activate B-cells to produce antibodies against the TSH receptor, which stimulate the thyroid and cause clinical hyperthyroidism. In contrast, Hashimoto thyroiditis is characterized by Th1 switching of the thyroid-infiltrating T-cells, which induces apoptosis of thyroid follicular cells and clinical hypothyroidism. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10199792, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14657345}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Acts as a substrate for the production of iodinated thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) (PubMed:17532758, PubMed:32025030). The synthesis of T3 and T4 involves iodination of selected tyrosine residues of TG/thyroglobulin followed by their oxidative coupling in the thyroid follicle lumen (PubMed:32025030). Following TG re-internalization and lysosomal-mediated proteolysis, T3 and T4 are released from the polypeptide backbone leading to their secretion into the bloodstream (PubMed:32025030). One dimer produces 7 thyroid hormone molecules (PubMed:32025030). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17532758, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
304790
uniprot
proteins
mutagenesis
MUTAGEN 24; /note="Y->F: Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-1310, F-2573 and F-2766."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030"; MUTAGEN 108; /note="Y->F: Severe loss of thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-149 or F-234, and F-2540 and F-2766. Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-149, F-234, F-2540 and F-2766."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030"; MUTAGEN 149; /note="Y->F: Severe loss of thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-108, F-2540 and F-2766. Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-108, F-234, F-2540 and F-2766."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030"; MUTAGEN 234; /note="Y->F: Severe loss of thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-108, F-2540 and F-2766. Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-108, F-149, F-2540 and F-2766."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030"; MUTAGEN 1309; /note="D->S: Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030"; MUTAGEN 1310; /note="Y->F: Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-24, F-2573 and F-2766."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030"; MUTAGEN 2540; /note="Y->F: Severe loss of thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-149 or F-234, and F-108 and F-2766. Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-108, F-149, F-234 and F-2766."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030"; MUTAGEN 2573; /note="Y->F: Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-24, F-1310 and F-2766."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030"; MUTAGEN 2766; /note="Y->F: Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-24, F-1310 and F-2573."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030"; MUTAGEN 2766; /note="Y->F: Severe loss of thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-149 or F-234, and F-108 and F-2540. Abolishes thyroxine (T4) production; when associated with F-108, F-149, F-234 and F-2540."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Iodinated on tyrosine residues by TPO (PubMed:2760035, PubMed:32025030). There are 4 pairs of iodinated tyrosines used for coupling: acceptor Tyr-24 is coupled to donor Tyr-149 or Tyr-234, acceptor Tyr-2573 is coupled to donor Tyr-2540, acceptor Tyr-2766 in monomer 1 is coupled to donor Tyr-2766 in monomer 2 and acceptor Tyr-1310 in monomer 1 is coupled to donor Tyr-108 in monomer 2 (PubMed:32025030). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2760035, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32025030}.; PTM: Sulfated tyrosines are desulfated during iodination. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10448091}.; PTM: Undergoes sequential proteolysis by cathepsins to release thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) hormones. In the thyroid follicle lumen, cross-linked TG (storage form) is solubilized by limited proteolysis mediated by cathepsins CTSB and/or CTSL. Partially cleaved TG is further processed by CTSK/cathepsin K and/or CTSL resulting in the release of T4. Following endocytosis, further processing occurs leading to the release of T3 and more T4 hormones. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08710}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10199792
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10448091
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10524569
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11082042
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11124863
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
14657345
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
1639210
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16421571
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16477365
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16679516
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17244789
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17532758
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19509106
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
27305979
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2760035
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2914619
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2991855
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
32025030
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
3595599
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
3681978
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
3971976
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
7793989
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8094490
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8269951
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8615697
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8626858
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8797845
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
9186272
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
2768
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11082042, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19509106, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8626858}. Note=Secreted into the thyroid follicle lumen (PubMed:19509106). Localizes to colloid globules, a structure formed in the thyroid follicle lumen consisting of cross-linked TG arranged in concentric layers (PubMed:11082042, PubMed:8626858). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11082042, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19509106, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8626858}.
uniprot
proteins