P2rx7
entrez
18439
canonical
uniprot
Q9Z1M0
canonical
ensembl
ENSMUSG00000029468
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000031425
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000083425
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000098303
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000112440
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000158311
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000031425
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000086247
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000100737
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000121489
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000199371
resolver
genesymbol
P2rx7
resolver
genesymbol_syn
P2x7
resolver
uniprot
A0A494BB45
resolver
uniprot
C8YIX4
resolver
uniprot
F6T5H6
resolver
uniprot
F6VC35
resolver
uniprot
F8WI93
resolver
uniprot
Q3ULZ7
resolver
uniprot
Q3UN00
resolver
uniprot
Q6P5P0
resolver
uniprot
Q8CHP4
resolver
uniprot_entry
A0A494BB45_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
C8YIX4_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
F6T5H6_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
F6VC35_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
F8WI93_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
P2RX7_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
Q3UN00_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
Q6P5P0_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
Q8CHP4_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q3ULZ7
resolver
activity_regulation
ACTIVITY REGULATION: Activated by high extracellular ATP levels (0.1-2.5 mM). The synthetic analog 2'(3')-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)ATP (BzATP) acts as a potent agonist (PubMed:25281740). Does not undergo desensitization, instead, undergoes a facilitation process where currents progressively increase with repetitive or prolonged agonist application (By similarity). Palmitoylation prevents channel desensitization (By similarity). The permeability of the P2RX7 channel is modulated by the amount of cholesterol in the plasma membrane (PubMed:25281740). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q64663, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99572, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25281740}.
uniprot
proteins
amino_acid_sequence
MPACCSWNDVLQYETNKVTRIQSTNYGTVKWVLHMIVFSYISFALVSDKLYQRKEPVISSVHTKVKGIAEVTENVTEGGVTKLGHSIFDTADYTFPLQGNSFFVMTNYVKSEGQVQTLCPEYPRRGAQCSSDRRCKKGWMDPQSKGIQTGRCVPYDKTRKTCEVSAWCPTEEEKEAPRPALLRSAENFTVLIKNNIHFPGHNYTTRNILPTMNGSCTFHKTWDPQCSIFRLGDIFQEAGENFTEVAVQGGIMGIEIYWDCNLDSWSHHCRPRYSFRRLDDKNTDESFVPGYNFRYAKYYKENNVEKRTLIKAFGIRFDILVFGTGGKFDIIQLVVYIGSTLSYFGLATVCIDLLINTYSSAFCRSGVYPYCKCCEPCTVNEYYYRKKCESIMEPKPTLKYVSFVDEPHIRMVDQQLLGKSLQVVKGQEVPRPQMDFSDLSRLSLSLHDSPLTPGQSEEIQLLHEEVAPKSGDSPSWCQCGNCLPSRLPEQRRALEELCCRRKPGRCITTSKLFHKLVLSRDTLQLLLLYQDPLLVLGEEATNSRLRHRAYRCYATWRFGSQDMADFAILPSCCRWRIRKEFPKTEGQYSGFKYPY
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: ATP-gated nonselective transmembrane cation channel. Requires high millimolar-range concentrations of ATP to become activated (PubMed:9849870). ATP binding trigers the rapid opening of the channel and allows Na(+) and Ca(2+) influx and K(+) efflux (By similarity). Has also the ability to form a large pore in the cell membrane, allowing the passage of large cationic molecules (PubMed:25281740). In microglia, may mediate NADPH transport across the plasma membrane (By similarity). In immune cells, P2RX7 acts as a molecular sensor in pathological inflammatory states by detecting and responding to high local concentrations of extracellar ATP. In microglial cells, P2RX7 activation leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1beta and IL-18, through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1 (PubMed:26877061). Cooperates with KCNK6 to activate NLRP3 inflammasome (PubMed:29958799). Activates death pathways leading to apoptosis and autophagy (By similarity). Activates death pathways leading to pyroptosis (PubMed:26572062). Involved in the homeostatic wound healing response to tissue injury, a multistep cascade that guides neutrophil migration to necrotic sites while avoiding collateral damage of healthy tissues. Senses ATP released from necrotic cells triggering activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and neutrophil adhesion to the vascular endothelium close to the injury site. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99572, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20947763, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25281740, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26572062, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26877061, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29958799, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9849870}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
68388
uniprot
proteins
mutagenesis
MUTAGEN 125; /note="R->K: Abolishes calcium responses to NAD."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17928361"; MUTAGEN 133; /note="R->K: No effect on calcium responses to NAD."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17928361
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Phosphorylation results in its inactivation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99572}.; PTM: ADP-ribosylation at Arg-125 is necessary and sufficient to activate P2RX7 and gate the channel. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17928361}.; PTM: Palmitoylation of several cysteines in the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail is required for efficient localization to cell surface (By similarity). Palmitoylation prevents channel desensitization by physically anchoring the palmitoylated groups to the membrane (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q64663, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99572}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
P2X receptor family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11016935
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16141072
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17928361
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19349973
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19468303
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
20947763
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21183079
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25281740
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
26572062
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
26877061
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
29958799
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
9849870
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
595
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99572}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q64663}.
uniprot
proteins
transmembrane_region
TRANSMEM 23..46; /note="Helical; Name=1"; /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q64663"; TRANSMEM 329..353; /note="Helical; Name=2"; /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q64663
uniprot
proteins