GLRX2
entrez
51022
canonical
uniprot
Q9NS18
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000023572
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000356409
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000356410
resolver
genesymbol
GLRX2
resolver
genesymbol_syn
GRX2
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:16065
resolver
uniprot
Q3LR69
resolver
uniprot
Q7L1N7
resolver
uniprot
Q96JC0
resolver
uniprot
Q9Y3D4
resolver
uniprot_entry
GLRX2_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q3LR69
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q7L1N7
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q96JC0
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q9Y3D4
resolver
activity_regulation
ACTIVITY REGULATION: The 2Fe-2S present in the homodimer leads to inactivation of the enzyme. The 2Fe-2S may serve as a redox sensor: the presence of one-electron oxidants or reductants leading to the loss of the 2Fe-2S cluster, subsequent monomerization and activation of the enzyme. Unlike other glutaredoxins, it is not inhibited by oxidation of structural Cys residues. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15917333}.
uniprot
proteins
amino_acid_sequence
MIWRRAALAGTRLVWSRSGSAGWLDRAAGAAGAAAAAASGMESNTSSSLENLATAPVNQIQETISDNCVVIFSKTSCSYCTMAKKLFHDMNVNYKVVELDLLEYGNQFQDALYKMTGERTVPRIFVNGTFIGGATDTHRLHKEGKLLPLVHQCYLKKSKRKEFQ
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase that facilitates the maintenance of mitochondrial redox homeostasis upon induction of apoptosis by oxidative stress. Involved in response to hydrogen peroxide and regulation of apoptosis caused by oxidative stress. Acts as a very efficient catalyst of monothiol reactions because of its high affinity for protein glutathione-mixed disulfides. Can receive electrons not only from glutathione (GSH), but also from thioredoxin reductase supporting both monothiol and dithiol reactions. Efficiently catalyzes both glutathionylation and deglutathionylation of mitochondrial complex I, which in turn regulates the superoxide production by the complex. Overexpression decreases the susceptibility to apoptosis and prevents loss of cardiolipin and cytochrome c release. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11297543, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14676218, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15328416, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15649413}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
18052
uniprot
proteins
mutagenesis
MUTAGEN 68; /note="C->S: Abolishes absorption at 320 nm and 420 nm suggesting the loss of 2Fe-2S-binding."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:15917333"; MUTAGEN 78; /note="S->P: Specifically increases the specific activity but decreases affinity for glutathionylated substrates."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14676218"; MUTAGEN 80; /note="C->S: Strongly impairs enzymatic activity."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14676218"; MUTAGEN 153; /note="C->S: Abolishes absorption at 320 nm and 420 nm suggesting the loss of 2Fe-2S-binding."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:15917333
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Glutaredoxin family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10810093
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11297543
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11397793
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
14676218
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15184054
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15297967
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15328416
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15649413
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15917333
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16710414
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17121859
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23186163
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
164
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Mitochondrion.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Nucleus.
uniprot
proteins