Gnat3
entrez
242851
canonical
uniprot
Q3V3I2
canonical
ensembl
ENSMUSG00000028777
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000030561
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000030561
resolver
genesymbol
Gnat3
resolver
uniprot
B2RVZ3
resolver
uniprot_entry
B2RVZ3_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
GNAT3_MOUSE
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MGSGISSESKESARRSKELEKKLQEDAERDARTVKLLLLGAGESGKSTIVKQMKIIHKNGYSKQECMEFKAVIYSNTLQSILAIVKAMATLGIDYVNPRSREDQEQLHSMANTLEDGDMTPQLAEIIKRLWGDPGIQACFERASEYQLNDSAAYYLNDLDRLTAPGYVPNEQDVLHSRVKTTGIIETQFSFKDLNFRMFDVGGQRSERKKWIHCFEGVTCIIFCAALSAYDMVLVEDEEVNRMHESLHLFNSICNHKYFATTSIVLFLNKKDLFQEKVAKVHLSICFPEYTGPNTFEDAGNYIKNQFLDLNLKKEDKEIYSHMTCATDTQNVKFVFDAVTDIIIKENLKDCGLF
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) alpha subunit playing a prominent role in bitter and sweet taste transduction as well as in umami (monosodium glutamate, monopotassium glutamate, and inosine monophosphate) taste transduction (PubMed:10570481, PubMed:11245589, PubMed:11447270, PubMed:17724332). Transduction by this alpha subunit involves coupling of specific cell-surface receptors with a cGMP-phosphodiesterase; Activation of phosphodiesterase lowers intracellular levels of cAMP and cGMP which may open a cyclic nucleotide-suppressible cation channel leading to influx of calcium, ultimately leading to release of neurotransmitter. Indeed, denatonium and strychnine induce transient reduction in cAMP and cGMP in taste tissue, whereas this decrease is inhibited by GNAT3 antibody. Gustducin heterotrimer transduces response to bitter and sweet compounds via regulation of phosphodiesterase for alpha subunit, as well as via activation of phospholipase C for beta and gamma subunits, with ultimate increase inositol trisphosphate and increase of intracellular Calcium. GNAT3 can functionally couple to taste receptors to transmit intracellular signal: receptor heterodimer TAS1R2/TAS1R3 senses sweetness and TAS1R1/TAS1R3 transduces umami taste, whereas the T2R family GPCRs act as bitter sensors (By similarity). Also functions as lumenal sugar sensors in the gut to control the expression of the Na+-glucose transporter SGLT1 in response to dietaty sugar, as well as the secretion of Glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GIP. Thus, may modulate the gut capacity to absorb sugars, with implications in malabsorption syndromes and diet-related disorders including diabetes and obesity. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A8MTJ3, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10570481, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11245589, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17724330, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17724332}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
40316
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Potential N-myristoylation may anchor alpha-subunit to the inner surface of plasma membrane. {ECO:0000250}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
G(i/o/t/z) subfamily
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
G-alpha family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10407021
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10570481
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11245589
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11447270
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
14586025
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
14627646
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
14637165
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15342734
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16141072
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16740645
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16933139
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17021831
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17229761
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17290008
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17724330
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17724332
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19468303
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8657284
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
354
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A8MTJ3}.
uniprot
proteins