Ninj1
entrez
25338
canonical
uniprot
P70617
canonical
ensembl
ENSRNOG00000016587
resolver
ensembl
ENSRNOG00055015164
resolver
ensembl
ENSRNOG00060020471
resolver
ensembl
ENSRNOG00065010091
resolver
ensp
ENSRNOP00000022341
resolver
ensp
ENSRNOP00055021154
resolver
ensp
ENSRNOP00060029137
resolver
ensp
ENSRNOP00065012296
resolver
enst
ENSRNOT00000022341
resolver
enst
ENSRNOT00055025948
resolver
enst
ENSRNOT00060035450
resolver
enst
ENSRNOT00065016236
resolver
genesymbol
Ninj1
resolver
uniprot_entry
NINJ1_RAT
resolver
activity_regulation
ACTIVITY REGULATION: [Ninjurin-1]: In response to death stimuli, homooligomerizes and disrupts membrane integrity by introducing the hydrophilic faces of alpha1 and alpha2 helices into the hydrophobic membrane (By similarity). Homooligomerization and ability to mediate plasma membrane rupture is inhibited by glycine; it is unclear whether glycine directly or indirectly inhibits homooligomerization (By similarity). In normal conditions, NINJ1 is autoinhibited via formation of a homodimer: in the inactive homodimer, the alpha1 and alpha2 helices (residues 44-74) form a single transmembrane region without a kink, in which hydrophilic faces of alpha1 and alpha2 helices are sequestered (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O70131, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92982}.
uniprot
proteins
amino_acid_sequence
MDPGTEEYELNGDLRPGSPGSPDASPPRWGLRNRPINVNHYANKKSAAESMLDIALLMANASQLKAVVEQGNEFAFFVPLVVLISISLVLQIGVGVLLIFLVKYDLNNPAKHAKLDFLNNLATGLVFIIVVVNIFITAFGVQKPVMDVAPRQ
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: [Ninjurin-1]: Effector of various programmed cell death, such as pyroptosis and necroptosis, which mediates plasma membrane rupture (cytolysis) (By similarity). Oligomerizes in response to death stimuli and forms ring-like structures on the plasma membrane: acts by cutting and shedding membrane disks, like a cookie cutter, leading to membrane damage and loss that cannot be repaired by the cell (By similarity). Plasma membrane rupture leads to release intracellular molecules named damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that propagate the inflammatory response (By similarity). Mechanistically, mediates plasma membrane rupture by introducing hydrophilic faces of 2 alpha helices into the hydrophobic membrane (By similarity). Induces plasma membrane rupture downstream of Gasdermin (GSDMA, GSDMB, GSDMC, GSDMD, or GSDME) or MLKL during pyroptosis or necroptosis, respectively (By similarity). Acts as an effector of PANoptosis downstream of CASP1, CASP4, CASP8 and RIPK3 (By similarity). Also induces plasma membrane rupture in response to cell swelling caused by osmotic stress and ferroptosis downstream of lipid peroxidation (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) during systemic inflammation; directly binds LPS (By similarity). Involved in leukocyte migration during inflammation by promoting transendothelial migration of macrophages via homotypic binding (By similarity). Promotes the migration of monocytes across the brain endothelium to central nervous system inflammatory lesions (By similarity). Also acts as a homophilic transmembrane adhesion molecule involved in various processes such as axonal growth, cell chemotaxis and angiogenesis (By similarity). Promotes cell adhesion by mediating homophilic interactions via its extracellular N-terminal adhesion motif (N-NAM) (PubMed:19595672). Involved in the progression of the inflammatory stress by promoting cell-to-cell interactions between immune cells and endothelial cells (By similarity). Plays a role in nerve regeneration by promoting maturation of Schwann cells (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of angiogenesis (PubMed:33028854). Promotes the formation of new vessels by mediating the interaction between capillary pericyte cells and endothelial cells (By similarity). Promotes osteoclasts development by enhancing the survival of prefusion osteoclasts (By similarity). Also involved in striated muscle growth and differentiation (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O70131, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92982, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19595672, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33028854}.; FUNCTION: [Secreted ninjurin-1]: Secreted form generated by cleavage, which has chemotactic activity. Acts as an anti-inflammatory mediator by promoting monocyte recruitment, thereby ameliorating atherosclerosis. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O70131}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
16539
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: [Ninjurin-1]: Cleaved by MMP9 protease to generate the Secreted ninjurin-1 form. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O70131}.; PTM: [Ninjurin-1]: N-linked glycosylation is required for homooligomerization. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O70131}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Ninjurin family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19595672
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22673903
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
33028854
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8780658
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
152
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Ninjurin-1]: Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92982}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92982}. Synaptic cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O70131}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000255}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Secreted ninjurin-1]: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92982}.
uniprot
proteins
transmembrane_region
TRANSMEM 79..103; /note="Helical; Name=Helix alpha3"; /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92982"; TRANSMEM 114..138; /note="Helical; Name=Helix alpha4"; /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92982
uniprot
proteins