GNAT3
entrez
346562
canonical
uniprot
A8MTJ3
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000214415
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000381339
resolver
enst
ENST00000398291
resolver
genesymbol
GNAT3
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:22800
resolver
uniprot
A4D1B2
resolver
uniprot
A4D1B3
resolver
uniprot
B9EJG5
resolver
uniprot_entry
GNAT3_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
A4D1B2
resolver
uniprot_sec
A4D1B3
resolver
uniprot_sec
B9EJG5
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MGSGISSESKESAKRSKELEKKLQEDAERDARTVKLLLLGAGESGKSTIVKQMKIIHKNGYSEQECMEFKAVIYSNTLQSILAIVKAMTTLGIDYVNPRSAEDQRQLYAMANTLEDGGMTPQLAEVIKRLWRDPGIQACFERASEYQLNDSAAYYLNDLDRITASGYVPNEQDVLHSRVKTTGIIETQFSFKDLHFRMFDVGGQRSERKKWIHCFEGVTCIIFCAALSAYDMVLVEDEEVNRMHESLHLFNSICNHKYFSTTSIVLFLNKKDIFQEKVTKVHLSICFPEYTGPNTFEDAGNYIKNQFLDLNLKKEDKEIYSHMTCATDTQNVKFVFDAVTDIIIKENLKDCGLF
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) alpha subunit playing a prominent role in bitter and sweet taste transduction as well as in umami (monosodium glutamate, monopotassium glutamate, and inosine monophosphate) taste transduction (PubMed:40339580, PubMed:38600377, PubMed:38776963). Transduction by this alpha subunit involves coupling of specific cell-surface receptors with a cGMP-phosphodiesterase; Activation of phosphodiesterase lowers intracellular levels of cAMP and cGMP which may open a cyclic nucleotide-suppressible cation channel leading to influx of calcium, ultimately leading to release of neurotransmitter. Indeed, denatonium and strychnine induce transient reduction in cAMP and cGMP in taste tissue, whereas this decrease is inhibited by GNAT3 antibody. Gustducin heterotrimer transduces response to bitter and sweet compounds via regulation of phosphodiesterase for alpha subunit, as well as via activation of phospholipase C for beta and gamma subunits, with ultimate increase inositol trisphosphate and increase of intracellular Calcium. GNAT3 can functionally couple to taste receptors to transmit intracellular signal: receptor heterodimer TAS1R2/TAS1R3 senses sweetness and TAS1R1/TAS1R3 transduces umami taste, whereas the T2R family GPCRs such as TAS2R14 act as bitter sensors (PubMed:40339580, PubMed:38600377, PubMed:38776963). Also functions as lumenal sugar sensors in the gut to control the expression of the Na+-glucose transporter SGLT1 in response to dietaty sugar, as well as the secretion of Glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GIP. Thus, may modulate the gut capacity to absorb sugars, with implications in malabsorption syndromes and diet-related disorders including diabetes and obesity. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11917125, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17724330, ECO:0000269|PubMed:38600377, ECO:0000269|PubMed:38776963, ECO:0000269|PubMed:40339580}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
40357
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Potential N-myristoylation may anchor alpha-subunit to the inner surface of plasma membrane. {ECO:0000250}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
G(i/o/t/z) subfamily
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
G-alpha family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11917125
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12690205
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12853948
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16728727
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17021831
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17724330
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17724332
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
38600377
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
38776963
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
40339580
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8015379
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
354
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8015379}. Note=Dual distribution pattern; plasmalemmal pattern with apical region localization and cytosolic pattern with localization throughout the cytoplasm.
uniprot
proteins