Apln
entrez
30878
canonical
uniprot
Q9R0R4
canonical
ensembl
ENSMUSG00000037010
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000046012
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000039026
resolver
genesymbol
Apln
resolver
genesymbol_syn
Apel
resolver
genesymbol_syn
preproapelin
resolver
uniprot
Q544B5
resolver
uniprot_entry
APEL_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
Q544B5_MOUSE
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MNLRLCVQALLLLWLSLTAVCGVPLMLPPDGTGLEEGSMRYLVKPRTSRTGPGAWQGGRRKFRRQRPRLSHKGPMPF
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Peptide hormone that functions as endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled apelin receptor (APLNR/APJ) (PubMed:22810587). Functions as a balanced agonist activating both G(i) protein pathway and beta-arrestin pathway of APLNR (PubMed:22810587). Downstream G proteins activation, apelin can inhibit cAMP production and activate key intracellular effectors such as ERKs (PubMed:22810587). On the other hand, APLNR activation induces beta-arrestin recruitment to the membrane leading to desensitization and internalization of the receptor (PubMed:22810587). Apelin also blunts mechanical stretch-induced hypertrophic induction from APLNR (PubMed:22810587). Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis (By similarity). Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates (PubMed:10525157). Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation (PubMed:28890073). Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner (By similarity). May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior (PubMed:11359874). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4TTN8, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9R0R3, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10525157, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11359874, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22810587, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28890073}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
8658
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Several active peptides may be produced by proteolytic processing of the peptide precursor. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9TUI9}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Apelin family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10525157
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11359874
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22810587
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
26611206
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
28854362
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
28890073
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
77
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9TUI9}. Secreted, extracellular space {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9TUI9}. Note=Abundantly secreted in the colostrum. Lower level in milk. Decreases rapidly within several days after parturition in milk, but is still detectable even in commercial milk. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9TUI9}.
uniprot
proteins