OPN3
entrez
23596
canonical
uniprot
Q9H1Y3
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000054277
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000355512
resolver
genesymbol
OPN3
resolver
genesymbol_syn
ECPN
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:14007
resolver
uniprot
Q8IX08
resolver
uniprot
Q9Y344
resolver
uniprot_entry
OPN3_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q8IX08
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q9Y344
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MYSGNRSGGHGYWDGGGAAGAEGPAPAGTLSPAPLFSPGTYERLALLLGSIGLLGVGNNLLVLVLYYKFQRLRTPTHLLLVNISLSDLLVSLFGVTFTFVSCLRNGWVWDTVGCVWDGFSGSLFGIVSIATLTVLAYERYIRVVHARVINFSWAWRAITYIWLYSLAWAGAPLLGWNRYILDVHGLGCTVDWKSKDANDSSFVLFLFLGCLVVPLGVIAHCYGHILYSIRMLRCVEDLQTIQVIKILKYEKKLAKMCFLMIFTFLVCWMPYIVICFLVVNGHGHLVTPTISIVSYLFAKSNTVYNPVIYVFMIRKFRRSLLQLLCLRLLRCQRPAKDLPAAGSEMQIRPIVMSQKDGDRPKKKVTFNSSSIIFIITSDESLSVDDSDKTNGSKVDVIQVRPL
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: G protein-coupled photoreceptor that selectively activates G(i/o) proteins in response to light, thereby decreasing intracellular cAMP levels (PubMed:28842328, PubMed:30168605, PubMed:31380578, PubMed:36869204). Activation occurs when the opsin-bound cis-retinal chromophore absorbs a photon and isomerizes to all-trans-retinal, inducing a conformational change in the opsin that triggers a G protein-mediated phototransduction cascade (PubMed:36869204). Mediates blue light-induced pigmentation in melanocytes by activating calcium/CAMK2 signaling, followed by phosphorylation of CREB, p38, ERK and MITF. Required for TYR and DCT blue light-induced complex formation in melanocytes (PubMed:28842328). Involved in keratinocyte differentiation in response to blue-light (PubMed:30168605). Plays a role in melanocyte survival through regulation of intracellular calcium levels and subsequent BCL2/RAF1 signaling. Additionally, regulates apoptosis via cytochrome c release and subsequent activation of the caspase cascade (PubMed:31730232). Responsible for ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced keratinocytes supranuclear melanin cap formation via activating calcium/CAMK2, CREB, and Akt signal transduction, and ultimately increasing DYNC1I1 and DCTN1 expression levels, thereby playing a role in the skin response to UV radiation (PubMed:36869204). Required for the UVA-mediated induction of calcium and MAPK signaling resulting in the expression of MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP9 and TIMP1 in dermal fibroblasts (PubMed:31380578). Also plays a role in light-mediated glucose uptake, mitochondrial respiration and fatty acid metabolism in brown adipocyte tissues. May be involved in photorelaxation of airway smooth muscle cells, via blue light-dependent GPCR signaling pathways (By similarity). Also inhibits melanogenesis in melanocytes by specifically inhibiting MC1R-evoked cAMP signaling in a constitutive, light-independent manner (PubMed:31097585). In the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, inhibits MC4R-mediated cAMP signaling and activates KCNJ13 channel opening in a constitutive manner, thereby promoting food intake and modulating spontaneous firing of neurons (PubMed:39951488). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9WUK7, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28842328, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30168605, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31097585, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31380578, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31730232, ECO:0000269|PubMed:36869204, ECO:0000269|PubMed:39951488}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
44873
uniprot
proteins
mutagenesis
MUTAGEN 299; /note="K->G: Abolishes binding of 11-cis retinal and all-trans retinal. No effect on G-alpha (i) protein signaling in melanocytes."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:31097585
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Contains one retinal chromophore covalently bound to a lysine residue via a Schiff base. Upon light absorption, the bound 11-cis-retinal isomerizes to all-trans-retinal. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:36869204}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
G protein-coupled receptor 1 family
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Opsin subfamily
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10234000
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11401433
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12242008
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16710414
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
28842328
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
30168605
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
30284927
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
31097585
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
31380578
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
31730232
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
36869204
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
39951488
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
402
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30168605, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31097585, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31380578, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31730232, ECO:0000269|PubMed:36869204, ECO:0000269|PubMed:39951488}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000255}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30168605, ECO:0000269|PubMed:36869204}. Note=Localized to the membrane and cytoplasm of HaCaT and HEK cells. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:36869204}.
uniprot
proteins
transmembrane_region
TRANSMEM 41..65; /note="Helical; Name=1"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 78..102; /note="Helical; Name=2"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 118..137; /note="Helical; Name=3"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 154..177; /note="Helical; Name=4"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 202..229; /note="Helical; Name=5"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 256..279; /note="Helical; Name=6"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 288..312; /note="Helical; Name=7"; /evidence="ECO:0000255
uniprot
proteins