Apln
entrez
58812
canonical
uniprot
Q9R0R3
canonical
ensembl
ENSRNOG00000003984
resolver
ensembl
ENSRNOG00055015327
resolver
ensembl
ENSRNOG00060020648
resolver
ensembl
ENSRNOG00065011299
resolver
ensp
ENSRNOP00000100018
resolver
ensp
ENSRNOP00055021298
resolver
ensp
ENSRNOP00060029426
resolver
ensp
ENSRNOP00065014004
resolver
enst
ENSRNOT00000005331
resolver
enst
ENSRNOT00055026179
resolver
enst
ENSRNOT00060035765
resolver
enst
ENSRNOT00065018330
resolver
genesymbol
Apln
resolver
genesymbol_syn
Apel
resolver
uniprot_entry
APEL_RAT
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MNLSFCVQALLLLWLSLTAVCGVPLMLPPDGKGLEEGNMRYLVKPRTSRTGPGAWQGGRRKFRRQRPRLSHKGPMPF
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Peptide hormone that functions as endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled apelin receptor (APLNR/APJ), that plays a role in cadiovascular homeostasis (PubMed:11336787, PubMed:11359874, PubMed:26611206). Functions as a balanced agonist activating both G(i) protein pathway and beta-arrestin pathway of APLNR (By similarity). Downstream G proteins activation, apelin can inhibit cAMP production and activate key intracellular effectors such as ERKs (PubMed:26611206). On the other hand, APLNR activation induces beta-arrestin recruitment to the membrane leading to desensitization and internalization of the receptor (PubMed:11359874). Apelin blunts cardiac hypertrophic induction from APLNR on response to pathological stimuli, but also induces myocardial hypertrophy under normal conditions (By similarity). Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR (PubMed:11336787). Involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis (By similarity). Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates. Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation (By similarity). Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner (PubMed:11359874, PubMed:26611206). May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior (PubMed:10617103). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4TTN8, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9R0R4, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9ULZ1, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10617103, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11336787, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11359874, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26611206}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
8677
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Several active peptides may be produced by proteolytic processing of the peptide precursor. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9TUI9}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Apelin family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10525157
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10617103
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11336787
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11359874
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
26611206
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
77
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10525157}. Secreted, extracellular space {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10525157}. Note=Abundantly secreted in the colostrum (By similarity). Lower level in milk (PubMed:10525157). Decreases rapidly within several days after parturition in milk, but is still detectable even in commercial milk (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9TUI9}.
uniprot
proteins