TUBB4B
entrez
10383
canonical
uniprot
P68371
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000188229
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000341289
resolver
enst
ENST00000340384
resolver
genesymbol
TUBB4B
resolver
genesymbol_syn
TUBB2C
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:20771
resolver
uniprot
A2BFA2
resolver
uniprot
P05217
resolver
uniprot_entry
TBB4B_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
A2BFA2
resolver
uniprot_sec
P05217
resolver
activity_regulation
ACTIVITY REGULATION: In oocytes and preimplantation embryos, GTP-bound tubulins are maintained inactive by cytoplasmic lattices in a poised but restrained state, regulating their availability for early embryonic development. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P68372}.
uniprot
proteins
amino_acid_sequence
MREIVHLQAGQCGNQIGAKFWEVISDEHGIDPTGTYHGDSDLQLERINVYYNEATGGKYVPRAVLVDLEPGTMDSVRSGPFGQIFRPDNFVFGQSGAGNNWAKGHYTEGAELVDSVLDVVRKEAESCDCLQGFQLTHSLGGGTGSGMGTLLISKIREEYPDRIMNTFSVVPSPKVSDTVVEPYNATLSVHQLVENTDETYCIDNEALYDICFRTLKLTTPTYGDLNHLVSATMSGVTTCLRFPGQLNADLRKLAVNMVPFPRLHFFMPGFAPLTSRGSQQYRALTVPELTQQMFDAKNMMAACDPRHGRYLTVAAVFRGRMSMKEVDEQMLNVQNKNSSYFVEWIPNNVKTAVCDIPPRGLKMSATFIGNSTAIQELFKRISEQFTAMFRRKAFLHWYTGEGMDEMEFTEAESNMNDLVSEYQQYQDATAEEEGEFEEEAEEEVA
uniprot
proteins
disease_involvement
DISEASE: Leber congenital amaurosis with early-onset deafness (LCAEOD) [MIM:617879]: An autosomal dominant disease characterized by severe retinal degeneration and sensorineural hearing loss. Symptoms occur within the first decade of life. Onset at birth is observed in some patients. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:29198720}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
49831
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:26875866). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (PubMed:26875866). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P99024, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26875866}.; PTM: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are monoglycylated but not polyglycylated due to the absence of functional TTLL10 in human. Monoglycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into cilia and flagella axonemes, which is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility. Both polyglutamylation and monoglycylation can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering glycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P07437, ECO:0000305|PubMed:19524510}.; PTM: Phosphorylated on Ser-172 by CDK1 during the cell cycle, from metaphase to telophase, but not in interphase. This phosphorylation inhibits tubulin incorporation into microtubules. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16371510}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Tubulin family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
14654843
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15164053
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16371510
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19524510
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19608861
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
20191564
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21269460
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23186163
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25944712
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
26875866
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
29198720
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
36191189
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
3999141
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
445
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P68372}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, flagellum axoneme {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P68372}.
uniprot
proteins