64647
entrez
64647
canonical
uniprot
Q00715
canonical
ensembl
ENSRNOG00000070362
resolver
ensp
ENSRNOP00000069660
resolver
uniprot_entry
H2B1_RAT
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MPEPAKSRPAPKKGSKKAVTKAQKKDGKERKRSRKESYSVYVYKVLKQVHPDTGISSKAMGIMNSFVNDIFERIAGERRLAHYNKRSTITSREIQTAVRLLLPGELAKHAVSEGTKAVTKYTSSK
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.; FUNCTION: Has broad antibacterial activity. May contribute to the formation of the functional antimicrobial barrier of the colonic epithelium, and to the bactericidal activity of amniotic fluid (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
13990
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-120 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778}.; PTM: Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation. Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination. Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q64475}.; PTM: ADP-ribosylated by PARP1 or PARP2 on Ser-7 (H2BS6ADPr) in response to DNA damage (By similarity). H2BS6ADPr promotes recruitment of CHD1L (By similarity). Mono-ADP-ribosylated on Glu-3 (H2BE2ADPr) by PARP3 in response to single-strand breaks (By similarity). Poly ADP-ribosylation on Glu-36 (H2BE35ADPr) by PARP1 regulates adipogenesis: it inhibits phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph), thereby blocking expression of pro-adipogenetic genes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q6ZWY9}.; PTM: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778}.; PTM: GlcNAcylation at Ser-112 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-120. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P62807}.; PTM: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Histone H2B family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16283522
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2011515
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
3666307
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
125
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome.
uniprot
proteins