AGRN
entrez
375790
canonical
uniprot
O00468
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000188157
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000368678
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000484607
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000498543
resolver
genesymbol
AGRN
resolver
genesymbol_syn
AGRIN
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:329
resolver
uniprot
Q5SVA1
resolver
uniprot
Q5SVA2
resolver
uniprot
Q60FE1
resolver
uniprot
Q7KYS8
resolver
uniprot
Q8N4J5
resolver
uniprot
Q96IC1
resolver
uniprot
Q9BTD4
resolver
uniprot_entry
AGRIN_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q5SVA1
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q5SVA2
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q60FE1
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q7KYS8
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q8N4J5
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q96IC1
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q9BTD4
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MAGRSHPGPLRPLLPLLVVAACVLPGAGGTCPERALERREEEANVVLTGTVEEILNVDPVQHTYSCKVRVWRYLKGKDLVARESLLDGGNKVVISGFGDPLICDNQVSTGDTRIFFVNPAPPYLWPAHKNELMLNSSLMRITLRNLEEVEFCVEDKPGTHFTPVPPTPPDACRGMLCGFGAVCEPNAEGPGRASCVCKKSPCPSVVAPVCGSDASTYSNECELQRAQCSQQRRIRLLSRGPCGSRDPCSNVTCSFGSTCARSADGLTASCLCPATCRGAPEGTVCGSDGADYPGECQLLRRACARQENVFKKFDGPCDPCQGALPDPSRSCRVNPRTRRPEMLLRPESCPARQAPVCGDDGVTYENDCVMGRSGAARGLLLQKVRSGQCQGRDQCPEPCRFNAVCLSRRGRPRCSCDRVTCDGAYRPVCAQDGRTYDSDCWRQQAECRQQRAIPSKHQGPCDQAPSPCLGVQCAFGATCAVKNGQAACECLQACSSLYDPVCGSDGVTYGSACELEATACTLGREIQVARKGPCDRCGQCRFGALCEAETGRCVCPSECVALAQPVCGSDGHTYPSECMLHVHACTHQISLHVASAGPCETCGDAVCAFGAVCSAGQCVCPRCEHPPPGPVCGSDGVTYGSACELREAACLQQTQIEEARAGPCEQAECGSGGSGSGEDGDCEQELCRQRGGIWDEDSEDGPCVCDFSCQSVPGSPVCGSDGVTYSTECELKKARCESQRGLYVAAQGACRGPTFAPLPPVAPLHCAQTPYGCCQDNITAARGVGLAGCPSACQCNPHGSYGGTCDPATGQCSCRPGVGGLRCDRCEPGFWNFRGIVTDGRSGCTPCSCDPQGAVRDDCEQMTGLCSCKPGVAGPKCGQCPDGRALGPAGCEADASAPATCAEMRCEFGARCVEESGSAHCVCPMLTCPEANATKVCGSDGVTYGNECQLKTIACRQGLQISIQSLGPCQEAVAPSTHPTSASVTVTTPGLLLSQALPAPPGALPLAPSSTAHSQTTPPPSSRPRTTASVPRTTVWPVLTVPPTAPSPAPSLVASAFGESGSTDGSSDEELSGDQEASGGGSGGLEPLEGSSVATPGPPVERASCYNSALGCCSDGKTPSLDAEGSNCPATKVFQGVLELEGVEGQELFYTPEMADPKSELFGETARSIESTLDDLFRNSDVKKDFRSVRLRDLGPGKSVRAIVDVHFDPTTAFRAPDVARALLRQIQVSRRRSLGVRRPLQEHVRFMDFDWFPAFITGATSGAIAAGATARATTASRLPSSAVTPRAPHPSHTSQPVAKTTAAPTTRRPPTTAPSRVPGRRPPAPQQPPKPCDSQPCFHGGTCQDWALGGGFTCSCPAGRGGAVCEKVLGAPVPAFEGRSFLAFPTLRAYHTLRLALEFRALEPQGLLLYNGNARGKDFLALALLDGRVQLRFDTGSGPAVLTSAVPVEPGQWHRLELSRHWRRGTLSVDGETPVLGESPSGTDGLNLDTDLFVGGVPEDQAAVALERTFVGAGLRGCIRLLDVNNQRLELGIGPGAATRGSGVGECGDHPCLPNPCHGGAPCQNLEAGRFHCQCPPGRVGPTCADEKSPCQPNPCHGAAPCRVLPEGGAQCECPLGREGTFCQTASGQDGSGPFLADFNGFSHLELRGLHTFARDLGEKMALEVVFLARGPSGLLLYNGQKTDGKGDFVSLALRDRRLEFRYDLGKGAAVIRSREPVTLGAWTRVSLERNGRKGALRVGDGPRVLGESPKSRKVPHTVLNLKEPLYVGGAPDFSKLARAAAVSSGFDGAIQLVSLGGRQLLTPEHVLRQVDVTSFAGHPCTRASGHPCLNGASCVPREAAYVCLCPGGFSGPHCEKGLVEKSAGDVDTLAFDGRTFVEYLNAVTESELANEIPVPETLDSGALHSEKALQSNHFELSLRTEATQGLVLWSGKATERADYVALAIVDGHLQLSYNLGSQPVVLRSTVPVNTNRWLRVVAHREQREGSLQVGNEAPVTGSSPLGATQLDTDGALWLGGLPELPVGPALPKAYGTGFVGCLRDVVVGRHPLHLLEDAVTKPELRPCPTP
uniprot
proteins
disease_involvement
DISEASE: Myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 8 (CMS8) [MIM:615120]: A form of congenital myasthenic syndrome, a group of disorders characterized by failure of neuromuscular transmission, including pre-synaptic, synaptic, and post-synaptic disorders that are not of autoimmune origin. Clinical features are easy fatigability and muscle weakness. CMS8 is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by prominent defects of both the pre- and postsynaptic regions. Affected individuals have onset of muscle weakness in early childhood; the severity of the weakness and muscles affected is variable. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19631309, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22205389, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24951643}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Depending on alternative splicing and post-translational modifications, it has a role in different processes, including neuromuscular junction formation and maintenance, and regulation of neurite outgrowth (By similarity). Also involved in positive regulation of cartilage formation through alpha-dystroglycan binding and up-regulation of SOX9 (PubMed:26290588). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A2ASQ1, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P31696, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26290588}.; FUNCTION: [Isoform 1]: Heparan sulfate basal lamina glycoprotein that plays a central role in the formation and the maintenance of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and directs key events in postsynaptic differentiation. Component of the AGRN-LRP4 receptor complex that induces the phosphorylation and activation of MUSK (PubMed:21969364). The activation of MUSK in myotubes induces the formation of NMJ by regulating different processes including the transcription of specific genes and the clustering of AChR in the postsynaptic membrane. Calcium ions are required for maximal AChR clustering. AGRN function in neurons is highly regulated by alternative splicing, glycan binding and proteolytic processing. Modulates calcium ion homeostasis in neurons, specifically by inducing an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ions. Functions differentially in the central nervous system (CNS) by inhibiting the alpha(3)-subtype of Na+/K+-ATPase and evoking depolarization at CNS synapses. This secreted isoform forms a bridge, after release from motor neurons, to basal lamina through binding laminin via the NtA domain. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A2ASQ1, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21969364}.; FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Transmembrane form that is the predominate form in neurons of the brain, induces dendritic filopodia and synapse formation in mature hippocampal neurons in large part due to the attached glycosaminoglycan chains and the action of Rho-family GTPases.; FUNCTION: Isoform 1, isoform 4 and isoform 5: neuron-specific (z+) isoforms that contain C-terminal insertions of 8-19 AA are potent activators of AChR clustering. Isoform 5, agrin (z+8), containing the 8-AA insert, forms a receptor complex in myotubules containing the neuronal AGRN, the muscle-specific kinase MUSK and LRP4, a member of the LDL receptor family. The splicing factors, NOVA1 and NOVA2, regulate AGRN splicing and production of the 'z' isoforms.; FUNCTION: [Isoform 3]: Muscle-specific isoform, probably involved in endothelial cell differentiation.; FUNCTION: [Isoform 6]: Involved in the positive regulation of cartilage formation, acting through alpha-dystroglycan binding and up-regulation of SOX9, a transcription factor that plays a key role in chondrocytes differentiation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26290588}.; FUNCTION: [Agrin N-terminal 110 kDa subunit]: Is involved in regulation of neurite outgrowth probably due to the presence of the glycosaminoglcan (GAG) side chains of heparan and chondroitin sulfate attached to the Ser/Thr- and Gly/Ser-rich regions. Also involved in modulation of growth factor signaling (By similarity). {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19631309, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21969364}.; FUNCTION: [Agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment]: This released fragment is important for agrin signaling and to exert a maximal dendritic filopodia-inducing effect. All 'z' splice variants (z+) of this fragment also show an increase in the number of filopodia. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A2ASQ1}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
217320
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Contains heparan and chondroitin sulfate chains and alpha-dystroglycan as well as N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), present in the N-terminal 110 kDa fragment, are required for induction of filopodia in hippocampal neurons. The first cluster (Gly/Ser-rich) for GAG attachment contains heparan sulfate (HS) chains and the second cluster (Ser/Thr-rich), contains chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains. Heparin and heparin sulfate binding in the G3 domain is independent of calcium ions. Binds heparin with a stoichiometry of 2:1. Binds sialic acid with a stoichiometry of 1:1 and binding requires calcium ions (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.; PTM: At synaptic junctions, cleaved at two conserved sites, alpha and beta, by neurotrypsin. Cleavage at the alpha-site produces the agrin N-terminal 110-kDa subunit and the agrin C-terminal 110-kDa subunit. Further cleavage of agrin C-terminal 110-kDa subunit at the beta site produces the C-terminal fragments, agrin C-terminal 90 kDa fragment and agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment. Excessive cleavage at the beta-site releases large amounts of the agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment leading to destabilization at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ).
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11161480
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16487930
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16710414
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19159218
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19631309
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
20551380
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21969364
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22205389
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22683512
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
24951643
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
26290588
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
9151673
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
9652404
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
2068
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20551380}. Note=Synaptic basal lamina at the neuromuscular junction. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P31696}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Synapse {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A2ASQ1}. Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A2ASQ1}; Single-pass type II membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A2ASQ1}.
uniprot
proteins