H2bc1
entrez
319177
canonical
uniprot
P70696
canonical
ensembl
ENSMUSG00000050799
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000056604
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000052776
resolver
genesymbol
H2bc1
resolver
genesymbol_syn
Hist1h2ba
resolver
genesymbol_syn
Th2b
resolver
uniprot
Q5NCL9
resolver
uniprot_entry
H2B1A_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q5NCL9
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MPEVAVKGATISKKGFKKAVTKTQKKEGRKRKRCRKESYSIYIYKVLKQVHPDTGISSKAMSIMNSFVTDIFERIASEASRLAHYNKRSTITSREIQTAVRLLLPGELAKHAVSEGTKAVTKYTSSK
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Variant histone specifically required to direct the transformation of dissociating nucleosomes to protamine in male germ cells (PubMed:23884607, PubMed:28366643). Entirely replaces classical histone H2B prior nucleosome to protamine transition and probably acts as a nucleosome dissociating factor that creates a more dynamic chromatin, facilitating the large-scale exchange of histones (PubMed:23884607). In condensing spermatids, the heterodimer between H2AB1 and H2BC1/TH2B is loaded onto the nucleosomes and promotes loading of transition proteins (TNP1 and TNP2) onto the nucleosomes (PubMed:28366643). Inclusion of the H2AB1-H2BC1/TH2B dimer into chromatin opens the nucleosomes, releasing the nucleosomal DNA ends and allowing the invasion of nucleosomes by transition proteins (TNP1 and TNP2) (PubMed:28366643). Then, transition proteins drive the recruitment and processing of protamines, which are responsible for histone eviction (PubMed:28366643). Also expressed maternally and is present in the female pronucleus, suggesting a similar role in protamine replacement by nucleosomes at fertilization (PubMed:23884607). Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23884607, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28366643}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
14237
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Monoubiquitination at Lys-36 by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination of Lys-122 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q96A08}.; PTM: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21925322}.; PTM: Acetylated during spermatogenesis. Acetylated form is most abundant in spermatogonia compared to spermatocytes and round spermatids (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q00729}.; PTM: Phosphorylated at Thr-117 in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and round spermatids. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q00729}.; PTM: Methylated at Lys-118 in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and round spermatids. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q00729}.; PTM: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Histone H2B family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12408966
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19468303
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21183079
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21925322
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23884607
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
28366643
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
30154464
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
31645732
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8672246
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
127
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23884607}. Chromosome {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23884607}.
uniprot
proteins