Q6ZWY9
uniprot
Q6ZWY9
canonical
amino_acid_sequence
MPEPAKSAPAPKKGSKKAVTKAQKKDGKKRKRSRKESYSVYVYKVLKQVHPDTGISSKAMGIMNSFVNDIFERIAGEASRLAHYNKRSTITSREIQTAVRLLLPGELAKHAVSEGTKAVTKYTSSK
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
13906
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-121 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778}.; PTM: Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation (PubMed:15197225, PubMed:16039583). Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination (PubMed:15197225). Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription (PubMed:20647423, PubMed:32822587). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15197225, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16039583, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20647423, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32822587}.; PTM: GlcNAcylation at Ser-113 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-121. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P62807}.; PTM: ADP-ribosylated by PARP1 or PARP2 on Ser-7 (H2BS6ADPr) in response to DNA damage (By similarity). H2BS6ADPr promotes recruitment of CHD1L (By similarity). Mono-ADP-ribosylated on Glu-3 (H2BE2ADPr) by PARP3 in response to single-strand breaks (By similarity). Poly ADP-ribosylation on Glu-36 (H2BE35ADPr) by PARP1 regulates adipogenesis: it inhibits phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph), thereby blocking expression of pro-adipogenetic genes (PubMed:32822587). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32822587}.; PTM: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21925322}.; PTM: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27105115}.; PTM: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Histone H2B family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12408966
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15197225
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16039583
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16141072
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19468303
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
20647423
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21925322
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22389435
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
24681537
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
27105115
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
30154464
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
31645732
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
32822587
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
126
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome.
uniprot
proteins