CENPA
entrez
1058
canonical
uniprot
P49450
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000115163
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000233505
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000336868
resolver
genesymbol
CENPA
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:1851
resolver
uniprot
D6W544
resolver
uniprot
Q53T74
resolver
uniprot
Q9BVW2
resolver
uniprot_entry
CENPA_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
D6W544
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q53T74
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q9BVW2
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MGPRRRSRKPEAPRRRSPSPTPTPGPSRRGPSLGASSHQHSRRRQGWLKEIRKLQKSTHLLIRKLPFSRLAREICVKFTRGVDFNWQAQALLALQEAAEAFLVHLFEDAYLLTLHAGRVTLFPKDVQLARRIRGLEEGLG
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Histone H3-like nucleosomal protein that is specifically found in centromeric nucleosomes (PubMed:11756469, PubMed:14667408, PubMed:15282608, PubMed:15475964, PubMed:15702419, PubMed:17651496, PubMed:19114591, PubMed:20739937, PubMed:27499292, PubMed:7962047, PubMed:9024683). Replaces conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin that serves as an assembly site for the inner kinetochore (PubMed:18072184). The presence of CENPA subtly modifies the nucleosome structure and the way DNA is wrapped around the nucleosome and gives rise to protruding DNA ends that are less well-ordered and rigid compared to nucleosomes containing histone H3 (PubMed:26878239, PubMed:27499292). May serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication and cell division (PubMed:15282608, PubMed:15475964, PubMed:20739937, PubMed:21478274, PubMed:26878239). Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore proteins, and as a consequence required for progress through mitosis, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis (PubMed:11756469, PubMed:14667408, PubMed:18072184, PubMed:23818633, PubMed:25556658, PubMed:27499292). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11756469, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14667408, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15282608, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15475964, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15702419, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17651496, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18072184, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19114591, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21478274, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23818633, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25556658, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26878239, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27499292, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7962047, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9024683, ECO:0000305|PubMed:20739937}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
15991
uniprot
proteins
mutagenesis
MUTAGEN 7; /note="S->A: Induces a delay at the terminal stage of cytokinesis and chromosome misalignment during mitosis due to a defect in kinetochore attachment to microtubules."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11756469, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14667408"; MUTAGEN 17; /note="S->A: Impaired mitotic chromosome congression and chromosome segregation; when associated with A-19."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:23818633"; MUTAGEN 19; /note="S->A: Impaired mitotic chromosome congression and chromosome segregation; when associated with A-17."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:23818633"; MUTAGEN 68; /note="S->A: No effect on interaction with HJURP. Impairs localization at centromeres."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25556658"; MUTAGEN 68; /note="S->E,Q: Impairs interaction with HJURP, association with chromatin and localization at centromeres."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25556658"; MUTAGEN 80..81; /note="RG->AA: Impairs retention at centromeres, but not targeting to centromeres."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:21743476"; MUTAGEN 104; /note="H->G: Reduces location at centromeres. Abolishes location at centromeres; when associated with C-112."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20739937"; MUTAGEN 112; /note="L->C: No effect on location at centromeres. Abolishes location at centromeres; when associated with G-104."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20739937
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Ubiquitinated (Probable). Interaction with herpes virus HSV-1 ICP0 protein, leads to its degradation by the proteasome pathway. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11053442, ECO:0000305}.; PTM: Trimethylated by NTMT1 at the N-terminal glycine after cleavage of Met-1. Methylation is low before incorporation into nucleosomes and increases with cell cycle progression, with the highest levels in mitotic nucleosomes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23818633}.; PTM: Phosphorylated by CDK1 at Ser-68 during early mitosis; this abolishes association with chromatin and centromeres, prevents interaction with HJURP and thereby prevents premature assembly of CENPA into centromeres (PubMed:25556658). Dephosphorylated at Ser-68 by PPP1CA during late mitosis (PubMed:25556658). Phosphorylation of Ser-7 by AURKA and AURKB during prophase is required for localization of AURKA and AURKB at inner centromere and is essential for normal cytokinesis (PubMed:11756469, PubMed:14667408, PubMed:18239465). Initial phosphorylation during prophase is mediated by AURKA and is maintained by AURKB. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11756469, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14667408, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18239465, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25556658}.; PTM: Poly-ADP-ribosylated by PARP1. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O35216}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Histone H3 family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10759786
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11053442
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11756469
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
14667408
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15282608
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15475964
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15702419
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15815621
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16622419
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17081983
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17651496
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
18072184
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
18239465
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
18669648
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19114591
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19410544
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19410545
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19412974
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19503796
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19533040
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19543270
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
20739937
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21406692
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21478274
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21743476
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23186163
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23818633
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
24275569
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
24522885
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25408271
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25556658
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
26543159
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
26878239
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
27499292
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
7962047
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
9024683
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
140
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14667408, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25556658, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9024683}. Chromosome, centromere {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11756469, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15282608, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15475964, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15702419, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17651496, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18072184, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19114591, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20739937, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21743476, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23818633, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25556658, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27499292, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7962047, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9024683}. Note=Localizes exclusively to sites of kinetochore assembly in centromeres. Occupies a compact domain at the inner kinetochore plate stretching across 2 thirds of the length of the constriction but encompassing only one third of the constriction width and height (PubMed:19114591). Phosphorylation at Ser-68 during early mitosis abolishes association with chromatin and centromeres and results in dispersed nuclear location (PubMed:25556658). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19114591, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25556658}.
uniprot
proteins