Archaeal flagellum
uniprot_keyword
KW-0974
canonical
name
Archaeal flagellum
uniprot
synonym
Archaeal flagella
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synonym
Archaeal flagellar apparatus
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synonym
Archaellum
uniprot
definition
The archaellum (archaeal flagellum) is the motility apparatus of archaea which propels the cell through liquid medium. The archaellum is the functional equivalent of the bacterial flagellum but its architecture, composition and mode of assembly is completely unrelated. The archaellum is thinner (10-15 nm) compared to the bacterial flagellum (18-24 nm). Its filament is assembled from archaellin subunits, which are N-glycosylated proteins. The archaellum is considered to be a type IV pilus-like structure and accordingly is assembled from the base into a 3-start helix. Archaellins have a type III signal sequence which is removed by the pre-archaellin peptidase. Core components of the assembly machinery are ArlI and ArlJ (previously FlaI, FlaJ) which are distantly related to PilB and PilC from type II secretion systems and type IV pills assembly systems. ArlI is a dual function ATPase which first assembles the filament and then rotates it by using the energy from ATP hydrolysis. Ion gradients are not used for archaellum rotation.
uniprot
keywords
is_obsolete
false
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keywords
ontology_id
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keywords