Ffar3
entrez
233080
canonical
uniprot
Q3UFD7
canonical
ensembl
ENSMUSG00000019429
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000092163
resolver
ensp
ENSMUSP00000140252
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000094583
resolver
enst
ENSMUST00000185748
resolver
genesymbol
Ffar3
resolver
genesymbol_syn
Gm478
resolver
genesymbol_syn
Gpr41
resolver
uniprot
Q08AU6
resolver
uniprot_entry
FFAR3_MOUSE
resolver
uniprot_entry
Q08AU6_MOUSE
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MGTSFFLGNYWLFFSVYLLVFLVGLPLNVMALVVFVGKLRRRPVAVDLLLLNLTISDLLLLLFLPFRMVEAACGMRWLLPFIFCPLSGFLFFTTIYLTSLFLTAVSIERFLSVAYPLWYKTRPRLAQAGLVSVVCWFLASAHCSVVYITEYWGNATYSQGTNGTCYLEFREDQLAILLPVRLEMAVVLFMVPLCITSYCYSRLVWILSRGASRRRRKRIMGLLAATLLIFFVCFGPYNMSHVVGYVSRESPSWRSYVLLLSTLNSCIDPLVFYFSSSKFQADFHQLLGRLLRTCVPWTQQVSLELKVKNGEEPSKECPS
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by a major product of dietary fiber digestion, the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and that plays a role in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis and in intestinal immunity. In omnivorous mammals, the short chain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced primarily by the gut microbiome that metabolizes dietary fibers. SCFAs serve as a source of energy but also act as signaling molecules. That G protein-coupled receptor is probably coupled to the pertussis toxin-sensitive, G(i/o)-alpha family of G proteins. Its activation results in the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, the mobilization of intracellular calcium, the phosphorylation of the MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2 kinases and the inhibition of intracellular cAMP accumulation. Activated by SCFAs and by beta-hydroxybutyrate, a ketone body produced by the liver upon starvation, it inhibits N-type calcium channels and modulates the activity of sympathetic neurons through a signaling cascade involving the beta and gamma subunits of its coupled G protein, phospholipase C and MAP kinases. Thereby, it may regulate energy expenditure through the control of the sympathetic nervous system that controls for instance heart rate (PubMed:21518883, PubMed:22673524). Upon activation by SCFAs accumulating in the intestine, it may also signal to the brain via neural circuits which in turn would regulate intestinal gluconeogenesis. May also control the production of hormones involved in whole-body energy homeostasis. May for instance, regulate blood pressure through renin secretion (PubMed:23401498). May also regulate secretion of the PYY peptide by enteroendocrine cells and control gut motility, intestinal transit rate, and the harvesting of energy from SCFAs produced by gut microbiota (PubMed:18931303). May also indirectly regulate the production of LEP/Leptin, a hormone acting on the CNS to inhibit food intake, in response to the presence of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine (PubMed:14722361, PubMed:20399779). Finally, may also play a role in glucose homeostasis (PubMed:22190648, PubMed:24748202). Besides its role in energy homeostasis, may play a role in intestinal immunity. May mediate the activation of the inflammatory and immune response by SCFAs in the gut, regulating the rapid production of chemokines and cytokines by intestinal epithelial cells (PubMed:23665276). Exhibits an SCFA-independent constitutive G protein-coupled receptor activity (PubMed:23066016). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14722361, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18931303, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20399779, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21518883, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22190648, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22673524, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23066016, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23401498, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23665276, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24748202}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
36501
uniprot
proteins
mutagenesis
MUTAGEN 154; /note="N->D: Loss of SCFA-independent constitutive G protein-coupled receptor activity."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:23066016
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
G protein-coupled receptor 1 family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
14722361
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16141072
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
18931303
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
20399779
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21518883
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22190648
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22673524
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23066016
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23110765
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23401498
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23665276
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
24748202
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
319
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
uniprot
proteins
transmembrane_region
TRANSMEM 16..36; /note="Helical; Name=1"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 44..64; /note="Helical; Name=2"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 99..119; /note="Helical; Name=3"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 128..148; /note="Helical; Name=4"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 184..206; /note="Helical; Name=5"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 219..239; /note="Helical; Name=6"; /evidence="ECO:0000255"; TRANSMEM 255..275; /note="Helical; Name=7"; /evidence="ECO:0000255
uniprot
proteins