LEP
entrez
3952
canonical
uniprot
P41159
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000174697
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000312652
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000635658
resolver
enst
ENST00000308868
resolver
genesymbol
LEP
resolver
genesymbol_syn
OB
resolver
genesymbol_syn
OBS
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:6553
resolver
uniprot
O15158
resolver
uniprot
Q56A88
resolver
uniprot_entry
LEP_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
O15158
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q56A88
resolver
amino_acid_sequence
MHWGTLCGFLWLWPYLFYVQAVPIQKVQDDTKTLIKTIVTRINDISHTQSVSSKQKVTGLDFIPGLHPILTLSKMDQTLAVYQQILTSMPSRNVIQISNDLENLRDLLHVLAFSKSCHLPWASGLETLDSLGGVLEASGYSTEVVALSRLQGSLQDMLWQLDLSPGC
uniprot
proteins
disease_involvement
DISEASE: Leptin deficiency (LEPD) [MIM:614962]: A rare disease characterized by low levels of serum leptin, severe hyperphagia and intractable obesity from an early age. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25551525, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9500540}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways (PubMed:15899045, PubMed:17344214, PubMed:19688109). In the hypothalamus, acts as an appetite-regulating factor that induces a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption by inducing anorexinogenic factors and suppressing orexigenic neuropeptides, also regulates bone mass and secretion of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal hormones. In the periphery, increases basal metabolism, influences reproductive function, regulates pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin secretion, is pro-angiogenic for endothelial cell and affects innate and adaptive immunity (By similarity) (PubMed:11460888, PubMed:19688109, PubMed:24340098, PubMed:25060689, PubMed:8589726). In the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, activates by depolarization POMC neurons inducing FOS and SOCS3 expression to release anorexigenic peptides and inhibits by hyperpolarization NPY neurons inducing SOCS3 with a consequent reduction on release of orexigenic peptides (By similarity). In addition to its known satiety inducing effect, has a modulatory role in nutrient absorption. In the intestine, reduces glucose absorption by enterocytes by activating PKC and leading to a sequential activation of p38, PI3K and ERK signaling pathways which exerts an inhibitory effect on glucose absorption (PubMed:24340098). Acts as a growth factor on certain tissues, through the activation of different signaling pathways increases expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation such as CCND1, via JAK2-STAT3 pathway, or VEGFA, via MAPK1/3 and PI3K-AKT1 pathways (By similarity) (PubMed:17344214). May also play an apoptotic role via JAK2-STAT3 pathway and up-regulation of BIRC5 expression (PubMed:18242580). Pro-angiogenic, has mitogenic activity on vascular endothelial cells and plays a role in matrix remodeling by regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) (PubMed:11460888). In innate immunity, modulates the activity and function of neutrophils by increasing chemotaxis and the secretion of oxygen radicals. Increases phagocytosis by macrophages and enhances secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators. Increases cytotoxic ability of NK cells (PubMed:12504075). Plays a pro-inflammatory role, in synergy with IL1B, by inducing NOS2 which promotes the production of IL6, IL8 and Prostaglandin E2, through a signaling pathway that involves JAK2, PI3K, MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAPK14/p38 (PubMed:15899045, PubMed:19688109). In adaptive immunity, promotes the switch of memory T-cells towards T helper-1 cell immune responses (By similarity). Increases CD4(+)CD25(-) T-cell proliferation and reduces autophagy during TCR (T-cell receptor) stimulation, through MTOR signaling pathway activation and BCL2 up-regulation (PubMed:25060689). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P41160, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P50596, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11460888, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12504075, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15899045, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17344214, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18242580, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19688109, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24340098, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25060689, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8589726, ECO:0000305|PubMed:15122202, ECO:0000305|PubMed:25232147}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
18641
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Leptin family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10428856
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
10896907
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11460888
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12448771
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12504075
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15122202
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15899045
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16052473
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17344214
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
18242580
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19688109
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
24340098
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25060689
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25232147
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25551525
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
7499240
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
7789654
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
7984236
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8589726
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8621021
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8626726
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
9144295
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
9166907
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
9500540
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
167
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000305|PubMed:25232147}.
uniprot
proteins