APEX2
entrez
27301
canonical
uniprot
Q9UBZ4
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000169188
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000364126
resolver
enst
ENST00000374987
resolver
genesymbol
APEX2
resolver
genesymbol_syn
APE2
resolver
genesymbol_syn
APEXL2
resolver
genesymbol_syn
XTH2
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:17889
resolver
uniprot
B4DWI9
resolver
uniprot
B7ZA71
resolver
uniprot
E5KN95
resolver
uniprot
Q9Y5X7
resolver
uniprot_entry
APEX2_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_entry
B4DWI9_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_entry
B7ZA71_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_entry
E5KN95_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q9Y5X7
resolver
activity_regulation
ACTIVITY REGULATION: 3'-5' exonuclease activity is activated by sodium and manganese (PubMed:16687656). 3'-5' exonuclease and 3'-phosphodiesterase activities are stimulated in presence of PCNA (PubMed:19443450). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16687656, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19443450}.
uniprot
proteins
amino_acid_sequence
MLRVVSWNINGIRRPLQGVANQEPSNCAAVAVGRILDELDADIVCLQETKVTRDALTEPLAIVEGYNSYFSFSRNRSGYSGVATFCKDNATPVAAEEGLSGLFATQNGDVGCYGNMDEFTQEELRALDSEGRALLTQHKIRTWEGKEKTLTLINVYCPHADPGRPERLVFKMRFYRLLQIRAEALLAAGSHVIILGDLNTAHRPIDHWDAVNLECFEEDPGRKWMDSLLSNLGCQSASHVGPFIDSYRCFQPKQEGAFTCWSAVTGARHLNYGSRLDYVLGDRTLVIDTFQASFLLPEVMGSDHCPVGAVLSVSSVPAKQCPPLCTRFLPEFAGTQLKILRFLVPLEQSPVLEQSTLQHNNQTRVQTCQNKAQVRSTRPQPSQVGSSRGQKNLKSYFQPSPSCPQASPDIELPSLPLMSALMTPKTPEEKAVAKVVKGQAKTSEAKDEKELRTSFWKSVLAGPLRTPLCGGHREPCVMRTVKKPGPNLGRRFYMCARPRGPPTDPSSRCNFFLWSRPS
uniprot
proteins
ec_number
3.1.11.2
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Functions as a weak apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway of DNA lesions induced by oxidative and alkylating agents (PubMed:16687656). Initiates repair of AP sites in DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the damage, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends. Also displays double-stranded DNA 3'-5' exonuclease, 3'-phosphodiesterase activities (PubMed:16687656, PubMed:19443450, PubMed:32516598). Shows robust 3'-5' exonuclease activity on 3'-recessed heteroduplex DNA and is able to remove mismatched nucleotides preferentially (PubMed:16687656, PubMed:19443450). Also exhibits 3'-5' exonuclease activity on a single nucleotide gap containing heteroduplex DNA and on blunt-ended substrates (PubMed:16687656). Shows fairly strong 3'-phosphodiesterase activity involved in the removal of 3'-damaged termini formed in DNA by oxidative agents (PubMed:16687656, PubMed:19443450). In the nucleus functions in the PCNA-dependent BER pathway (PubMed:11376153). Plays a role in reversing blocked 3' DNA ends, problematic lesions that preclude DNA synthesis (PubMed:32516598). Required for somatic hypermutation (SHM) and DNA cleavage step of class switch recombination (CSR) of immunoglobulin genes (By similarity). Required for proper cell cycle progression during proliferation of peripheral lymphocytes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q68G58, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11376153, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16687656, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19443450, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32516598}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
57401
uniprot
proteins
mutagenesis
MUTAGEN 48; /note="E->Q: Abolished 3'-5' exonuclease activity; when associated with Asn-197. Synthetic lethality in a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutant cell line background; when associated with Asn-197."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32516598"; MUTAGEN 197; /note="D->N: Abolished 3'-5' exonuclease activity; when associated with Gln-48. Synthetic lethality in a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutant cell line background; when associated with Gln-48."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32516598"; MUTAGEN 269; /note="H->A: Abolishes AP endodeoxyribonuclease, 3'-5' exonuclease activity and 3'-phosphodiesterase activities."; MUTAGEN 277; /note="D->A: Abolishes AP endodeoxyribonuclease, 3'-5' exonuclease activity and 3'-phosphodiesterase activities."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:16687656"; MUTAGEN 396..397; /note="YF->AA: Loss of interaction with PCNA."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32516598"; MUTAGEN 396; /note="Y->A: Reduces 3'-5' exonuclease activity in presence of PCNA. Does not abolish the 3'-5' exonuclease activity. Does only partially redistributes together with PCNA in nuclear foci in presence of oxidative-induced DNA damaging agents."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:19443450"; MUTAGEN 397; /note="F->A: Reduces 3'-5' exonuclease activity in presence of PCNA. Does not abolish the 3'-5' exonuclease activity. Does only partially redistributes together with PCNA in nuclear foci in presence of oxidative-induced DNA damaging agents."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:19443450
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: Ubiquitinated by the CUL9-RBX1 complex (PubMed:38605244). Ubiquitinated by MKRN3 at Lys-371 leading to proteasomal degradation (PubMed:38705397). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:38605244, ECO:0000269|PubMed:38705397}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
DNA repair enzymes AP/ExoA family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
11376153
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15772651
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
16687656
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
18669648
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19443450
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
20843780
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
32516598
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
38605244
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
38705397
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
518
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00764, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11376153, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19443450}. Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion {ECO:0000305|PubMed:11376153}. Note=Together with PCNA, is redistributed in discrete nuclear foci in presence of oxidative DNA damaging agents. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19443450}.
uniprot
proteins