ALDH1A1
entrez
216
canonical
uniprot
P00352
canonical
ensembl
ENSG00000165092
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000297785
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000526259
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000526260
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000526261
resolver
ensp
ENSP00000526262
resolver
enst
ENST00000297785
resolver
enst
ENST00000856200
resolver
enst
ENST00000856201
resolver
enst
ENST00000856202
resolver
enst
ENST00000856203
resolver
genesymbol
ALDH1A1
resolver
genesymbol
HEL-S-53e
resolver
genesymbol_syn
ALDC
resolver
genesymbol_syn
ALDH1
resolver
genesymbol_syn
HEL12
resolver
genesymbol_syn
PUMB1
resolver
hgnc
HGNC:402
resolver
uniprot
O00768
resolver
uniprot
Q5SYR1
resolver
uniprot
V9HW83
resolver
uniprot_entry
AL1A1_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_entry
V9HW83_HUMAN
resolver
uniprot_sec
O00768
resolver
uniprot_sec
Q5SYR1
resolver
activity_regulation
ACTIVITY REGULATION: Inhibited by citral, disulfiram, and cyanamide. Activated by diethylstilbestrol (PubMed:19296407). Inhibited by duocarmycin analogs (PubMed:26373694). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19296407, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26373694}.
uniprot
proteins
amino_acid_sequence
MSSSGTPDLPVLLTDLKIQYTKIFINNEWHDSVSGKKFPVFNPATEEELCQVEEGDKEDVDKAVKAARQAFQIGSPWRTMDASERGRLLYKLADLIERDRLLLATMESMNGGKLYSNAYLNDLAGCIKTLRYCAGWADKIQGRTIPIDGNFFTYTRHEPIGVCGQIIPWNFPLVMLIWKIGPALSCGNTVVVKPAEQTPLTALHVASLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPGYGPTAGAAISSHMDIDKVAFTGSTEVGKLIKEAAGKSNLKRVTLELGGKSPCIVLADADLDNAVEFAHHGVFYHQGQCCIAASRIFVEESIYDEFVRRSVERAKKYILGNPLTPGVTQGPQIDKEQYDKILDLIESGKKEGAKLECGGGPWGNKGYFVQPTVFSNVTDEMRIAKEEIFGPVQQIMKFKSLDDVIKRANNTFYGLSAGVFTKDIDKAITISSALQAGTVWVNCYGVVSAQCPFGGFKMSGNGRELGEYGFHEYTEVKTVTVKISQKNS
uniprot
proteins
ec_number
1.2.1.19
uniprot
proteins
ec_number
1.2.1.28
uniprot
proteins
ec_number
1.2.1.3
uniprot
proteins
ec_number
1.2.1.36
uniprot
proteins
function
FUNCTION: Cytosolic dehydrogenase that catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent irreversible oxidation of a wide range of aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acid (PubMed:25450233, PubMed:26373694, PubMed:22339434, PubMed:23444097). Functions downstream of retinol dehydrogenases and catalyzes the oxidation of retinaldehyde into retinoic acid, the second step in the oxidation of retinol/vitamin A into retinoic acid (PubMed:25413692). This pathway is crucial to control the levels of retinol and retinoic acid, two important molecules which excess can be teratogenic and cytotoxic (PubMed:25413692). Also oxidizes aldehydes resulting from lipid peroxidation like (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal/HNE, malonaldehyde and hexanal that form protein adducts and are highly cytotoxic. By participating for instance to the clearance of (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal/HNE in the lens epithelium prevents the formation of HNE-protein adducts and lens opacification (PubMed:12941160, PubMed:15623782, PubMed:19296407). Also functions downstream of fructosamine-3-kinase in the fructosamine degradation pathway by catalyzing the oxidation of 3-deoxyglucosone, the carbohydrate product of fructosamine 3-phosphate decomposition, which is itself a potent glycating agent that may react with lysine and arginine side-chains of proteins (PubMed:17175089). Also has an aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase activity and is probably part of an alternative pathway for the biosynthesis of GABA/4-aminobutanoate in midbrain, thereby playing a role in GABAergic synaptic transmission (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24549, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12941160, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15623782, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17175089, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19296407, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22339434, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23444097, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25413692, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25450233, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26373694}.
uniprot
proteins
mass_dalton
54862
uniprot
proteins
mutagenesis
MUTAGEN 302; /note="C->A,S: Does not prevent inhibition by duocarmycin analogs."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:26373694"; MUTAGEN 458; /note="G->N: No significant effect on aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Prevents the inhibition by ALDH1A1-specific inhibitors."; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25634381
uniprot
proteins
pathway_participation
PATHWAY: Cofactor metabolism; retinol metabolism. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P51647}.
uniprot
proteins
post_translational_modification
PTM: The N-terminus is blocked most probably by acetylation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P15437}.
uniprot
proteins
protein_family
Aldehyde dehydrogenase family
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
12941160
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15164053
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15489334
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
15623782
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
17175089
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19296407
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
19608861
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
21269460
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22223895
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
22339434
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
23444097
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
24275569
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25413692
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25450233
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
25634381
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2591967
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
26373694
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2776714
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
2987944
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
33495566
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
3676276
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
4015823
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
6723659
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8214422
uniprot
proteins
pubmed
8493914
uniprot
proteins
sequence_length
501
uniprot
proteins
subcellular_location
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12941160}. Cell projection, axon {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24549}.
uniprot
proteins